sdk@nvm manager multi nodejs

Posted on 2025-05-03 Edited on 2025-05-11 Views:

nvm（Node Version Manager）是一个用于管理多个 Node.js 版本的命令行工具。它允许你在同一台机器上安装和切换多个 Node.js 版本，非常适合需要在不同项目中使用不同 Node.js 版本的开发者。

nvm

https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm

Node Version Manager - POSIX-compliant bash script to manage multiple active node.js versions

https://github.com/coreybutler/nvm-windows

1.nvm 介绍

全称：Node Version Manager
作用：安装、卸载、切换 Node.js 版本
支持平台：
- 官方支持 macOS、Linux（包括 WSL）
- Windows 可用 nvm-windows

2.nvm 安装（以 macOS/Linux 为例）

在终端中运行以下命令安装：

curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.7/install.sh | bash

/root/.nvm
/root/.bashrc

[root@vgt-rocky9 ~]# bash x.sh 
=> Downloading nvm as script to '/root/.nvm'

=> Appending nvm source string to /root/.bashrc
=> Appending bash_completion source string to /root/.bashrc
=> Close and reopen your terminal to start using nvm or run the following to use it now:

export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion"  # This loads nvm bash_completion

基于管道执行安装脚本,退出terminal再打开

curl -h
 ....
 -o, --output <file>  Write to file instead of stdout

curl -o- http://xxx.sh |bash

3.常用命令

nvm help

[root@vgt-rocky9 ~]# nvm -h

Node Version Manager (v0.39.7)

Note: <version> refers to any version-like string nvm understands. This includes:
  - full or partial version numbers, starting with an optional "v" (0.10, v0.1.2, v1)
  - default (built-in) aliases: node, stable, unstable, iojs, system
  - custom aliases you define with `nvm alias foo`

 Any options that produce colorized output should respect the `--no-colors` option.

Usage:
  nvm --help                                  Show this message
    --no-colors                               Suppress colored output
  nvm --version                               Print out the installed version of nvm
  nvm install [<version>]                     Download and install a <version>. Uses .nvmrc if available and version is omitted.
   The following optional arguments, if provided, must appear directly after `nvm install`:
    -s                                        Skip binary download, install from source only.
    -b                                        Skip source download, install from binary only.
    --reinstall-packages-from=<version>       When installing, reinstall packages installed in <node|iojs|node version number>
    --lts                                     When installing, only select from LTS (long-term support) versions
    --lts=<LTS name>                          When installing, only select from versions for a specific LTS line
    --skip-default-packages                   When installing, skip the default-packages file if it exists
    --latest-npm                              After installing, attempt to upgrade to the latest working npm on the given node version
    --no-progress                             Disable the progress bar on any downloads
    --alias=<name>                            After installing, set the alias specified to the version specified. (same as: nvm alias <name> <version>)
    --default                                 After installing, set default alias to the version specified. (same as: nvm alias default <version>)
  nvm uninstall <version>                     Uninstall a version
  nvm uninstall --lts                         Uninstall using automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.
  nvm uninstall --lts=<LTS name>              Uninstall using automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.
  nvm use [<version>]                         Modify PATH to use <version>. Uses .nvmrc if available and version is omitted.
   The following optional arguments, if provided, must appear directly after `nvm use`:
    --silent                                  Silences stdout/stderr output
    --lts                                     Uses automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.
    --lts=<LTS name>                          Uses automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.
  nvm exec [<version>] [<command>]            Run <command> on <version>. Uses .nvmrc if available and version is omitted.
   The following optional arguments, if provided, must appear directly after `nvm exec`:
    --silent                                  Silences stdout/stderr output
    --lts                                     Uses automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.
    --lts=<LTS name>                          Uses automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.
  nvm run [<version>] [<args>]                Run `node` on <version> with <args> as arguments. Uses .nvmrc if available and version is omitted.
   The following optional arguments, if provided, must appear directly after `nvm run`:
    --silent                                  Silences stdout/stderr output
    --lts                                     Uses automatic LTS (long-term support) alias `lts/*`, if available.
    --lts=<LTS name>                          Uses automatic alias for provided LTS line, if available.
  nvm current                                 Display currently activated version of Node
  nvm ls [<version>]                          List installed versions, matching a given <version> if provided
    --no-colors                               Suppress colored output
    --no-alias                                Suppress `nvm alias` output
  nvm ls-remote [<version>]                   List remote versions available for install, matching a given <version> if provided
    --lts                                     When listing, only show LTS (long-term support) versions
    --lts=<LTS name>                          When listing, only show versions for a specific LTS line
    --no-colors                               Suppress colored output
  nvm version <version>                       Resolve the given description to a single local version
  nvm version-remote <version>                Resolve the given description to a single remote version
    --lts                                     When listing, only select from LTS (long-term support) versions
    --lts=<LTS name>                          When listing, only select from versions for a specific LTS line
  nvm deactivate                              Undo effects of `nvm` on current shell
    --silent                                  Silences stdout/stderr output
  nvm alias [<pattern>]                       Show all aliases beginning with <pattern>
    --no-colors                               Suppress colored output
  nvm alias <name> <version>                  Set an alias named <name> pointing to <version>
  nvm unalias <name>                          Deletes the alias named <name>
  nvm install-latest-npm                      Attempt to upgrade to the latest working `npm` on the current node version
  nvm reinstall-packages <version>            Reinstall global `npm` packages contained in <version> to current version
  nvm unload                                  Unload `nvm` from shell
  nvm which [current | <version>]             Display path to installed node version. Uses .nvmrc if available and version is omitted.
    --silent                                  Silences stdout/stderr output when a version is omitted
  nvm cache dir                               Display path to the cache directory for nvm
  nvm cache clear                             Empty cache directory for nvm
  nvm set-colors [<color codes>]              Set five text colors using format "yMeBg". Available when supported.
                                               Initial colors are:
                                                  bygre
                                               Color codes:
                                                r/R = red / bold red
                                                g/G = green / bold green
                                                b/B = blue / bold blue
                                                c/C = cyan / bold cyan
                                                m/M = magenta / bold magenta
                                                y/Y = yellow / bold yellow
                                                k/K = black / bold black
                                                e/W = light grey / white
Example:
  nvm install 8.0.0                     Install a specific version number
  nvm use 8.0                           Use the latest available 8.0.x release
  nvm run 6.10.3 app.js                 Run app.js using node 6.10.3
  nvm exec 4.8.3 node app.js            Run `node app.js` with the PATH pointing to node 4.8.3
  nvm alias default 8.1.0               Set default node version on a shell
  nvm alias default node                Always default to the latest available node version on a shell

  nvm install node                      Install the latest available version
  nvm use node                          Use the latest version
  nvm install --lts                     Install the latest LTS version
  nvm use --lts                         Use the latest LTS version

  nvm set-colors cgYmW                  Set text colors to cyan, green, bold yellow, magenta, and white

Note:
  to remove, delete, or uninstall nvm - just remove the `$NVM_DIR` folder (usually `~/.nvm`)

1. 查看可安装的 Node.js 版本：

1	nvm ls-remote

2. 安装指定版本：

1	nvm install 18.17.1

加速mirror下载nodejs

NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR=https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/node nvm install 18

export NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR=https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/node

3. 查看已安装的版本：

nvm ls

4. 使用指定版本：

1	nvm use 18.17.1

5. 设置默认版本：

1	nvm alias default 18.17.1

6. 卸载版本：

1	nvm uninstall 16.20.0

~/.nvm结构

4.nvm加速

要为 nvm 安装和使用 Node.js 时 加速下载，你可以通过配置 国内镜像源 来实现，特别适用于中国大陆用户。

1. 使用淘宝源（现在为 npmmirror.com）

阿里团队维护的 npmmirror.com（原淘宝镜像）提供了 Node.js 和 nvm 镜像加速。

临时加速安装某个 Node.js 版本

1	NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR=https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/node nvm install 18

这只对当前命令生效。

永久配置加速（推荐）

你可以把镜像地址添加到你的 shell 配置文件里（如 ~/.bashrc、~/.zshrc 或 ~/.bash_profile）：

1	export NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR=https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/node

然后运行：

1	source ~/.zshrc # 或你使用的其他 shell 配置文件

以后你就可以正常使用：

1	nvm install 20

并且它会自动走镜像源。

2.可选：加速 npm 包的安装

Node.js 安装完成后，默认使用的是 npm 官方源，也可以配置为国内镜像源加速：

1	npm config set registry https://registry.npmmirror.com

验证是否成功：

1 2	npm config get registry # 应该输出: https://registry.npmmirror.com