lvm新增磁盘扩容lv逻辑卷
系统磁盘不够用，通过新增磁盘形式扩容空间。
env
- ubuntu22.04.5 lvm管理磁盘
- lvm ext4文件系统
LVM 的一些基本概念：
- 物理卷 (PV): 物理卷是 LVM 的基本构建块，通常是硬盘分区或整个硬盘。
- 卷组 (VG): 卷组将多个物理卷组合成一个存储池。
- 逻辑卷 (LV): 逻辑卷是从卷组中分配的虚拟分区，可以像普通分区一样格式化和挂载。
- 物理扩展 (PE): 物理扩展是物理卷中最小的可分配存储单元。卷组中的所有物理卷的 PE 大小必须相同，且在创建卷组时确定，之后不能更改（除非重建卷组）
1.新增磁盘及格式化
查看新增磁盘：fdisk -l
如果磁盘扩容形式(/dev/sda)
fdisk /dev/sda
n //新增磁盘分区
...
p
w
格式化新增磁盘mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda4
2.添加pv及扩展 vg
2.1格式化磁盘为pv
pvcreate /dev/sda4
pvs
2.2vg新增pv磁盘
vgs
vgextend ubuntu-vg /dev/sda4
过程
root@gaga:~# pvcreate /dev/sda4
Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created.
root@gaga:~# pvscan
PV /dev/sda3 VG ubuntu-vg lvm2 [<38.00 GiB / 19.00 GiB free]
PV /dev/sda4 lvm2 [40.00 GiB]
Total: 2 [<78.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<38.00 GiB] / in no VG: 1 [40.00 GiB]
root@gaga:~#
root@gaga:~# vgscan
Found volume group "ubuntu-vg" using metadata type lvm2
root@gaga:~# vgextend ubuntu-vg /dev/sda4
Volume group "ubuntu-vg" successfully extended
3.扩容lv
3.1查看逻辑卷名称
lvs
/dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
3.2扩容逻辑卷剩余100%空间
扩容剩余空间100%
lvextend -l 100%FREE /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
扩容特定大小空间50G
vgs
lvextend -L +50G /dev/myvg/mylv
扩容特定大小pe +100pe
lvextend -l +100 /dev/卷组名/逻辑卷名
lvextend -l +50%FREE /dev/卷组名/逻辑卷名 百分比pe
lvextend -l 100%FREE /dev/卷组名/逻辑卷名
3.3校准文件大小
resize2fs /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
3.4检查生效情况
df -hT
过程
root@gaga:~# lvextend -l 100%FREE /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from <19.00 GiB (4863 extents) to <59.00 GiB (15103 extents).
Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.
root@gaga:~# resize2fs /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
resize2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Filesystem at /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 3, new_desc_blocks = 8
The filesystem on /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv is now 15465472 (4k) blocks long.
root@gaga:~# df -hT
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs tmpfs 781M 9.6M 772M 2% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv ext4 58G 19G 37G 34% /
tmpfs tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
tmpfs tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /run/qemu
/dev/sda2 ext4 2.0G 125M 1.7G 7% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 781M 4.0K 781M 1% /run/user/1000
root@gaga:~# lvextend -l 100%FREE /dev//ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from <19.00 GiB (4863 extents) to <59.00 GiB (15103 extents).
Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.
root@gaga:~# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name ubuntu-vg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 4
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 77.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 19966
Alloc PE / Size 15103 / <59.00 GiB
Free PE / Size 4863 / <19.00 GiB //存在剩余pe
VG UUID Kd8ov3-5tlM-eNzm-deAh-Oof8-dt4v-IWYrO3
分析原因：大概率是vmdk动态磁盘及磁盘扩容多次。最初20g -> 40g -> 80g
20g
+20g 未分配
+40g 分配
root@gaga:~# lvm lvmdiskscan|grep LVM
/dev/sda3 [ <38.00 GiB] LVM physical volume
/dev/sda4 [ 40.00 GiB] LVM physical volume
0 LVM physical volume whole disks
2 LVM physical volumes
root@gaga:~#
root@gaga:~# lvextend -l +4863 /dev//ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv //基于pe分配磁盘
Size of logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv changed from <59.00 GiB (15103 extents) to 77.99 GiB (19966 extents).
Logical volume ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv successfully resized.
root@gaga:~# vgdisplay
--- Volume group ---
VG Name ubuntu-vg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 5
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 1
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 77.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 19966
Alloc PE / Size 19966 / 77.99 GiB
Free PE / Size 0 / 0
VG UUID Kd8ov3-5tlM-eNzm-deAh-Oof8-dt4v-IWYrO3
root@gaga:~# resize2fs /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv
resize2fs 1.46.5 (30-Dec-2021)
Filesystem at /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv is mounted on /; on-line resizing required
old_desc_blocks = 3, new_desc_blocks = 10
The filesystem on /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv is now 20445184 (4k) blocks long.
root@gaga:~# df -hT
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
tmpfs tmpfs 781M 1.6M 779M 1% /run
/dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv ext4 77G 7.5G 66G 11% /
xfs_growfs /挂载点
lvm
root@gaga:/opt/lede# lvm --help
Available lvm commands:
Use 'lvm help <command>' for more information
config Display and manipulate configuration information
devtypes Display recognised built-in block device types
dumpconfig Display and manipulate configuration information
formats List available metadata formats
help Display help for commands
fullreport Display full report
lastlog Display last command's log report
lvchange Change the attributes of logical volume(s)
lvconvert Change logical volume layout
lvcreate Create a logical volume
lvdisplay Display information about a logical volume
lvextend Add space to a logical volume
lvmchange With the device mapper, this is obsolete and does nothing.
lvmconfig Display and manipulate configuration information
lvmdiskscan List devices that may be used as physical volumes
lvmsadc Collect activity data
lvmsar Create activity report
lvreduce Reduce the size of a logical volume
lvremove Remove logical volume(s) from the system
lvrename Rename a logical volume
lvresize Resize a logical volume
lvs Display information about logical volumes
lvscan List all logical volumes in all volume groups
pvchange Change attributes of physical volume(s)
pvresize Resize physical volume(s)
pvck Check metadata on physical volumes
pvcreate Initialize physical volume(s) for use by LVM
pvdata Display the on-disk metadata for physical volume(s)
pvdisplay Display various attributes of physical volume(s)
pvmove Move extents from one physical volume to another
lvpoll Continue already initiated poll operation on a logical volume
pvremove Remove LVM label(s) from physical volume(s)
pvs Display information about physical volumes
pvscan List all physical volumes
segtypes List available segment types
systemid Display the system ID, if any, currently set on this host
tags List tags defined on this host
vgcfgbackup Backup volume group configuration(s)
vgcfgrestore Restore volume group configuration
vgchange Change volume group attributes
vgck Check the consistency of volume group(s)
vgconvert Change volume group metadata format
vgcreate Create a volume group
vgdisplay Display volume group information
vgexport Unregister volume group(s) from the system
vgextend Add physical volumes to a volume group
vgimport Register exported volume group with system
vgimportclone Import a VG from cloned PVs
vgmerge Merge volume groups
vgmknodes Create the special files for volume group devices in /dev
vgreduce Remove physical volume(s) from a volume group
vgremove Remove volume group(s)
vgrename Rename a volume group
vgs Display information about volume groups
vgscan Search for all volume groups
vgsplit Move physical volumes into a new or existing volume group
version Display software and driver version information