ubuntu-22.04.5配置source源

Posted on 2025-01-21 Views:

对ubuntu设置国内更新源，加速包的下载。

env

ubuntu-22.04.5

1.查看系统版本别称

root@93fbd32cd222:/etc/apt# cat /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=22.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=jammy
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION=”Ubuntu 22.04.5 LTS”

2.设置mirror源

sources.list路径及配置变化

- ubuntu-24.04-

在 Ubuntu 24.04 之前，Ubuntu 的软件源配置文件使用传统的 One-Line-Style，路径为 /etc/apt/sources.list

- ubuntu-24.04+

从 Ubuntu 24.04 开始，Ubuntu 的软件源配置文件变更为 DEB822 格式，路径为 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources

国内mirror地址

mirrors.aliyun.com
mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn

2.1/etc/apt/sources.list

cat <<EOF >/etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates main restricted
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
EOF

注意：建议源设置http防止ssl校验异常

执行清理及更新包索引

root@93fbd32cd222:/etc/apt# apt clean && apt update

安装包测试

root@93fbd32cd222:/etc/apt# apt install ping
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Package ping is a virtual package provided by:
  inetutils-ping 2:2.2-2ubuntu0.1
  iputils-ping 3:20211215-1
You should explicitly select one to install.

E: Package 'ping' has no installation candidate
root@93fbd32cd222:/etc/apt# apt install -y iputils-ping
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  libcap2-bin libpam-cap
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  iputils-ping libcap2-bin libpam-cap
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 76.8 kB of archives.
After this operation, 280 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libcap2-bin amd64 1:2.44-1ubuntu0.22.04.1 [26.0 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 iputils-ping amd64 3:20211215-1 [42.9 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libpam-cap amd64 1:2.44-1ubuntu0.22.04.1 [7928 B]
Fetched 76.8 kB in 0s (309 kB/s)    
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package libcap2-bin.
(Reading database ... 4393 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libcap2-bin_1%3a2.44-1ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libcap2-bin (1:2.44-1ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package iputils-ping.
Preparing to unpack .../iputils-ping_3%3a20211215-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking iputils-ping (3:20211215-1) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libpam-cap:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libpam-cap_1%3a2.44-1ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libpam-cap:amd64 (1:2.44-1ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Setting up libcap2-bin (1:2.44-1ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
Setting up libpam-cap:amd64 (1:2.44-1ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Dialog
debconf: (No usable dialog-like program is installed, so the dialog based frontend cannot be used. at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Dialog.pm line 78.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Readline
debconf: unable to initialize frontend: Readline
debconf: (Can't locate Term/ReadLine.pm in @INC (you may need to install the Term::ReadLine module) (@INC contains: /etc/perl /usr/local/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.34.0 /usr/local/share/perl/5.34.0 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl5/5.34 /usr/share/perl5 /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl-base /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/perl/5.34 /usr/share/perl/5.34 /usr/local/lib/site_perl) at /usr/share/perl5/Debconf/FrontEnd/Readline.pm line 7.)
debconf: falling back to frontend: Teletype
Setting up iputils-ping (3:20211215-1) ...
root@93fbd32cd222:/etc/apt# 
root@93fbd32cd222:/etc/apt# ping qq.com
PING qq.com (113.108.81.189) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 113.108.81.189 (113.108.81.189): icmp_seq=1 ttl=63 time=35.8 ms
^C

2.2/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources

DEB822 格式（/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources），测试发现22.04也能解析deb822格式

操作过程

1.
mv  /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list1

2.
root@93fbd32cd222:/etc/apt/sources.list.d# tee > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources  <<EOF
Types: deb
URIs: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu
Suites: jammy jammy-updates jammy-backports
Components: main restricted universe multiverse
Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

# Types: deb-src
# URIs: http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu
# Suites: jammy jammy-updates jammy-backports
# Components: main restricted universe multiverse
# Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
EOF

root@93fbd32cd222:/etc/apt/sources.list.d#

3.
root@93fbd32cd222:/etc/apt/sources.list.d# apt clean && apt update
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy InRelease [270 kB]
Get:2 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease [128 kB]
Get:3 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease [127 kB]
Get:4 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages [1792 kB]
Get:5 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy/universe amd64 Packages [17.5 MB]
Get:6 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy/multiverse amd64 Packages [266 kB]
Get:7 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy/restricted amd64 Packages [164 kB]
Get:8 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [53.3 kB]
Get:9 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 Packages [1519 kB]
Get:10 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages [2860 kB]
Get:11 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [3663 kB]
Get:12 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-backports/main amd64 Packages [81.4 kB]
Get:13 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-backports/universe amd64 Packages [33.8 kB]
Fetched 28.4 MB in 5s (5417 kB/s)   
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
All packages are up to date.

4.
root@93fbd32cd222:~# apt install curl wget
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  ca-certificates libbrotli1 libcurl4 libldap-2.5-0 libldap-common libnghttp2-14 libpsl5 librtmp1 libsasl2-2
  libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-db libssh-4 openssl publicsuffix
Suggested packages:
  libsasl2-modules-gssapi-mit | libsasl2-modules-gssapi-heimdal libsasl2-modules-ldap libsasl2-modules-otp
  libsasl2-modules-sql
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  ca-certificates curl libbrotli1 libcurl4 libldap-2.5-0 libldap-common libnghttp2-14 libpsl5 librtmp1
  libsasl2-2 libsasl2-modules libsasl2-modules-db libssh-4 openssl publicsuffix wget
0 upgraded, 16 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 3335 kB of archives.
After this operation, 8087 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 openssl amd64 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.18 [1184 kB]
...